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Active vocabulary
degree [dI'gri:] ступінь
neurological ["nj(q)rq'lPdZIk(q)l] неврологічний
neurological complication - ускладнення з боку нервової системи
neurological department /service/ - нервове відділення (лікувальної установи)
neurological surgery - нейрохірургія
circle ['sE:k(q)l] коло
hypnosis [hIp'nqVsIs] гіпноз
disorder [dIs'O:dq] розлад, хвороба
mental disorder, disorder of the mind - розлад психічної діяльності
functional [nervous] disorder - функціональний [нервовий] розлад
hysteria [hI'st(q)rIq] історія
mob hysteria - масова істерія
hysteric [hI'sterIk] істерична людина
Text.
Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893)
Jean-Martin Charcot was born in Paris on November 29, 1825. He received his Master's degree at the University of Paris in 1853. In 1860 he became a professor at his alma mater. Two years later, he began to work at hospital as well. In 1882, he opened a neurological clinic and became known throughout Europe. Students came from everywhere to study the new field. Among them were Alfred Binet and a young Sigmund Freud.
Charcot is well known in medical circles for his studies of the neurology of motor disorders, resulting diseases and localization of brain functions. He is considered the father of modern neurology.
In psychology, he is best known for his use of hypnosis to successfully treating women suffering from the psychological disorder then known as hysteria.
Charcot believed that hysteria was due to a congenitally (врожденно) weak nervous system, combined with the effects of some traumatic experience. Hypnotizing these patients brought on a state similar to hysteria itself. He found that, in some cases, the symptoms would actually lessen after hypnosis, although he was only interested in studying hysteria, not in curing it. Others would later use hypnosis as a part of curing the problem.
Charcot died in France, on August 16, 1893.
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